In the context of the crisis of the liberal model of education and upbringing in Russia, A. S. Makarenko’s ideas about education based on Russian culture are gaining a new reading and can be used at the present stage. The collective education of an innovative teacher in the Gorky colony, understood as a subsystem of Soviet society, needs to be analyzed from the point of view of society and systematized elements, moreover in a holistic and visual form. In this article, based on the study of the writings of A. S. Makarenko, a summary table is proposed with the possible completeness of coverage of all aspects of activity. Education is classified by spheres of activity and functions, internal and external interactions and connections are analyzed, the states of a mature and emerging team are compared, on the basis of which conclusions are drawn about the dynamics of development in the following directions. In comparison with the emerging mature team, there is a significant change in the goals of education, the emergence of diverse perspectives, the number and quality of social interactions within and outside the team increases sharply, unity is born instead of social dissipation. In the process of collective self-organization, authoritarian management is replaced by social institutions: internal constitution, rules, traditions and style; anarchic behavior is replaced by conscious discipline. The article substantiates the replacement of the values of socialist society with national ideals and values of Russia as the spiritual basis of education.

Keywords: The correspondence of the personality to the historical society, goals and means of education, individuality and team