The article analyzes the philosophical and pedagogical concepts of the American and German philosopher and teacher of the XVII-XVIII centuries. August Hermann Franke. His contribution to Western and Russian education lies in the fact that he took the religious ideas of pietism and the philosophy of sensationalism as a basis and introduced them into the pedagogical system of education he developed for children and youth.

The article analyzes the philosophical and pedagogical concepts of the French philosopher, teacher and writer of the 18th century Jean Jacques Rousseau. His contribution to Western education lies in the fact that for the first time in the history of pedagogical thought, he placed the theory of age-related education of children at the center of the philosophical and educational system. In this theory he developed the ideas of naturalism and thus eliminated everything that interfered with the natural development of the child.